What is called the verification that the user's claimed identity is valid and is usually implemented through a user password at log-on time?
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Authentication is verification that the user's claimed identity is valid and is usually implemented through a user password at log-on time.
Source: KRUTZ, Ronald L.
& VINES, Russel.
D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 36.
The process of verifying that a user's claimed identity is valid and ensuring that they are who they say they are is known as authentication. It is a security mechanism used to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information or resources by confirming the identity of the user.
Authentication is usually implemented through a user password at log-on time. When a user enters their username and password, the system compares the credentials with its records to determine whether the user is authorized to access the system or not. If the credentials match, the user is granted access to the system, and if not, access is denied.
Identification, on the other hand, is the process of presenting an identity to a system or application, such as a username. It is the act of claiming an identity without necessarily providing proof. For example, entering a username on a login page is a form of identification.
Integrity is the assurance that data remains accurate, consistent, and secure throughout its lifecycle, from creation to destruction. It is a fundamental principle of information security that ensures data cannot be modified or tampered with without authorization.
Confidentiality is the protection of sensitive information from unauthorized access or disclosure. It ensures that only authorized individuals or systems have access to confidential information, such as passwords, credit card numbers, or personal identification information.
In summary, authentication is the process of verifying the validity of a user's identity, usually done through a user password at log-on time. It is an essential component of information security and is used to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information or resources.