Computer Crime Laws in the United States

A.

The correct answer is D. 1030, which is also known as the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA). This federal law was enacted in 1986 and has been amended multiple times to include new types of cybercrimes.

The CFAA addresses a wide range of computer-related offenses, including unauthorized access to computer systems, theft of confidential information, and damaging or altering computer systems. It criminalizes activities that involve interstate communication and/or accessing protected computers without authorization or exceeding authorized access.

The CFAA defines "protected computer" as any computer used in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce or communication. This includes computer systems owned by the U.S. government, financial institutions, and businesses engaged in interstate commerce.

The penalties for violating the CFAA can be severe, including fines and imprisonment. For example, a first-time offender who accesses a protected computer without authorization or exceeds authorized access can face up to one year in prison and a $100,000 fine. Repeat offenders or those who cause damage to a protected computer can face even harsher penalties.

In summary, the CFAA is a federal law that addresses computer-related crimes involving communication lines, stations, or systems. Its purpose is to protect computer systems used in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce from unauthorized access, theft, and damage.