Which of the following are the countermeasures against a man-in-the-middle attack? Each correct answer represents a complete solution.
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A. B. C. D.ACD.
A man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack is a type of cyber-attack where an attacker intercepts the communication between two parties and can manipulate or steal information. Here are the countermeasures against a man-in-the-middle attack:
A. Using Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Authentication: Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a security framework that uses digital certificates and public-private key pairs to establish the identity of communicating parties. PKI can be used to authenticate users, servers, and devices, and encrypt data in transit. This helps to ensure that the communication is secure and cannot be intercepted by an attacker.
B. Using Basic Authentication: Basic authentication is a simple way of authenticating a user using a username and password. However, this method is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks, as the username and password are transmitted in plain text. Therefore, it is not an effective countermeasure against MITM attacks.
C. Using Secret Keys for Authentication: Secret keys are used to authenticate users and devices, and to encrypt data in transit. The secret key is shared between the communicating parties and is used to encrypt and decrypt the data. This helps to ensure that the communication is secure and cannot be intercepted by an attacker.
D. Using Off-Channel Verification: Off-channel verification involves using a separate channel or communication method to verify the identity of the communicating parties. For example, if a user is logging in to a website from a new device, the website may send a verification code to the user's registered mobile phone number. The user must enter the code into the website to complete the login process. This helps to ensure that the communication is secure and cannot be intercepted by an attacker.
In summary, the countermeasures against a man-in-the-middle attack are using PKI authentication, using secret keys for authentication, and using off-channel verification. Basic authentication is not an effective countermeasure against MITM attacks.