Which First Hop Redundancy Protocol should be used to meet a design requirement for more efficient default gateway bandwidth usage across multiple devices?
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The First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) is a network protocol used to provide redundancy for IP networks in case the default gateway becomes unavailable. There are three main FHRPs: Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP).
HSRP is a Cisco proprietary protocol that allows multiple routers to work together to present the appearance of a single virtual router to the hosts on a LAN. It uses a primary/secondary router model and can only forward traffic through the active router. In HSRP, one router is designated as the active router, while the other routers are in standby mode. If the active router fails, one of the standby routers takes over as the active router.
VRRP is an industry-standard protocol that provides redundancy for IP networks. It allows multiple routers to share an IP address, with one router acting as the master and the other routers acting as backups. The master router is responsible for forwarding traffic sent to the shared IP address. If the master router fails, one of the backup routers takes over as the master router.
GLBP is also a Cisco proprietary protocol that provides load balancing and redundancy for IP networks. It allows multiple routers to share an IP address, with each router forwarding traffic based on a unique virtual MAC address. GLBP uses a weighting algorithm to distribute traffic among the routers, and in case of a failure, another router takes over as the active virtual gateway.
LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) is not an FHRP but rather a protocol used to bundle multiple physical links together to form a single logical link. It is used to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy in case one link fails.
Based on the design requirement of more efficient default gateway bandwidth usage across multiple devices, the best FHRP to use would be GLBP. GLBP provides load balancing among the routers, which helps to distribute the traffic across multiple links. This results in more efficient use of the available bandwidth and improved network performance.