IP Subnet Calculator

D

To determine whether two IP addresses are in the same subnet, we need to look at their network address and subnet mask. The subnet mask specifies which bits in the IP address represent the network and which bits represent the host.

In this case, all of the IP addresses have a subnet mask of /28, which means the first 28 bits of the address are used to identify the network and the remaining 4 bits are used to identify hosts within that network.

To find the network address for each IP address, we need to perform a bitwise logical AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask.

For example, for the first IP address in option A, 185.114.16.59/28, the subnet mask can be represented in binary as:

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11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 

Performing a bitwise AND operation with the IP address:

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10111001.01110010.00010000.00111011 

AND 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 ----------------------------------- 10111001.01110010.00010000.00110000

The result is the network address 185.114.16.48, which represents the network that this IP address belongs to.

We can perform the same operation for the second IP address in option A, 185.114.16.64/28:

markdownCopy code
Subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 IP address: 10111001.01110010.00010000.01000000 ------------------------------------------------ Network address: 185.114.16.64 

Since both IP addresses in option A have the same network address of 185.114.16.48, they are in the same subnet.

We can repeat this process for each of the other options:

Option B: 185.114.16.91/28: Subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 IP address: 10111001.01110010.00010000.01011011 ------------------------------------------------ Network address: 185.114.16.80

yamlCopy code
185.114.16.96/28: Subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 IP address: 10111001.01110010.00010000.01100000 ------------------------------------------------ Network address: 185.114.16.96  These two IP addresses have different network addresses and therefore are not in the same subnet. 

Option C: 185.114.16.77/28: Subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 IP address: 10111001.01110010.00010000.01001101 ------------------------------------------------ Network address: 185.114.16.64

yamlCopy code
185.114.16.82/28: Subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 IP address: 10111001.01110010.00010000.01010010 ------------------------------------------------ Network address: 185.114.16.80  These two IP addresses have different network addresses and therefore are not in the same subnet. 

Option D: 185.114.16.40/28: Subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 IP address: 10111001.011