Which protocol creates a complete database of the network topology prior to calculating the optimal route?
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The protocol that creates a complete database of the network topology prior to calculating the optimal route is OSPF (Open Shortest Path First).
OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that builds a complete topology of the network by exchanging link-state advertisements (LSAs) among routers. The LSAs contain information about the router's interfaces, their states, and the cost associated with each link.
When a router receives LSAs from its neighbors, it uses the information to construct a complete database of the network topology. This database is called the link-state database (LSDB). Each router's LSDB contains the same information about the network topology, which enables all routers to calculate the optimal route to any destination in the network.
Once the LSDB is constructed, the OSPF algorithm is used to calculate the shortest path to each destination in the network. The algorithm takes into account the cost of each link and uses Dijkstra's algorithm to find the shortest path.
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a path-vector routing protocol that is used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (ASes) on the internet. BGP does not create a complete topology of the network like OSPF. Instead, BGP routers exchange only the best path to a destination based on various metrics such as AS path length, local preference, and MED (multi-exit discriminator) value.
PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast) is a multicast routing protocol used for routing multicast traffic within a single network or between different networks. PIM does not create a complete topology of the network like OSPF. Instead, PIM routers use multicast group membership information to build a multicast distribution tree to forward traffic to all members of a multicast group.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a distance-vector routing protocol that is used to exchange routing information between routers in a network. RIP routers exchange only the best path to a destination based on hop count. RIP does not create a complete topology of the network like OSPF. Instead, RIP routers exchange only the best path to a destination based on hop count.