What is the purpose of a VRRP-A floating-IP address?
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The purpose of a VRRP-A floating IP address is to provide a virtual IP address that can be used as the default gateway address for hosts on a LAN. The virtual IP address is associated with a VRRP-A group, which consists of multiple routers that participate in the VRRP-A protocol.
The VRRP-A protocol is designed to provide redundancy for the default gateway by allowing multiple routers to share the same virtual IP address. One router is designated as the VRRP-A master or owner, and is responsible for forwarding packets sent to the virtual IP address. The other routers in the group are VRRP-A backups, and are ready to take over as the master if the current master fails.
The floating IP address is used as a tie-breaker when selecting a VRRP-A owner. If there is a tie between two or more routers with the same VRRP-A priority, the router with the highest IP address will become the VRRP-A owner. However, if a floating IP address has been configured, the router that has the highest priority and is closest to the floating IP address will become the VRRP-A owner.
The floating IP address can also be used as a single next hop IP address for uplink and downlink devices. This simplifies the network topology and reduces the number of IP addresses that need to be configured.
The floating IP address is not used as the source IP address for VRRP-A hellos. VRRP-A hellos are sent from the IP address of the router that is sending the hello packet.
Finally, the floating IP address can be used as a single IP address to manage all VRRP-A devices in the set. This simplifies management tasks by providing a single IP address that can be used to access the VRRP-A devices.