Preventing Phishing Redirects

A.

The scenario described in the question is that some users have reported receiving phishing emails with a link that takes them to the application login page, but then redirects to a fake login page after successful authentication. This indicates that there is a vulnerability in the web application, which is being exploited by the attacker to redirect the user to a fake login page. The question asks which of the following remediation strategies can be used to address this vulnerability:

A. Enforce unique session IDs for the application. This option suggests using a unique session ID for each user when they log in to the application. This would prevent an attacker from stealing the user's session ID and using it to access the application. However, it doesn't directly address the issue of the user being redirected to a fake login page after successful authentication.

B. Deploy a WAF in front of the web application. This option suggests deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) in front of the web application. A WAF can inspect incoming traffic to the application and block any requests that match known attack patterns. This would prevent an attacker from redirecting the user to a fake login page after successful authentication. Additionally, a WAF can provide other security features such as filtering out SQL injection attempts, cross-site scripting, and other web attacks.

C. Check for and enforce the proper domain for the redirect. This option suggests checking the domain of the redirect after successful authentication to ensure that it matches the expected domain. This would prevent an attacker from redirecting the user to a fake login page on a different domain. However, an attacker could still redirect the user to a fake login page on the same domain, so this strategy alone may not be enough to remediate the vulnerability.

D. Use a parameterized query to check the credentials. This option suggests using a parameterized query to check the credentials provided by the user during authentication. Parameterized queries are used to prevent SQL injection attacks, but they do not directly address the issue of the user being redirected to a fake login page after successful authentication.

E. Implement email filtering with anti-phishing protection. This option suggests implementing email filtering with anti-phishing protection to prevent phishing emails from reaching the user's inbox. While this is a good security practice, it does not directly address the vulnerability in the web application.

In conclusion, Option B - Deploy a WAF in front of the web application, would be the best remediation strategy as it would prevent an attacker from redirecting the user to a fake login page after successful authentication, and provide additional security features to protect against web attacks.