Which of the following creates a secure remote connection at the OSI network layer?

Which of the following creates a secure remote connection at the OSI network layer?

A.

L2TP

B.

SSL

C.

DTLS

D.

IPSec.

D.

IPSec creates a secure remote connection at the OSI network layer.

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a reference model for communication systems that describes how data moves through a network. It has seven layers, each with its own function. The network layer (layer 3) is responsible for routing packets between networks, which involves addressing and forwarding data packets based on logical network addresses.

IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) operates at the network layer and provides security services such as confidentiality, integrity, and authentication to IP (Internet Protocol) packets. It can be used to secure communication between two hosts (host-to-host) or between a host and a network (host-to-network).

IPSec provides end-to-end security by encrypting the entire IP packet and authenticating the sender using digital certificates or shared secrets. It can operate in two modes: transport mode and tunnel mode. In transport mode, only the data payload is encrypted, while in tunnel mode, the entire IP packet is encapsulated and encrypted.

L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) is a tunneling protocol that operates at the data link layer (layer 2) and is used to create virtual private networks ( VPNs). It provides a secure way to connect remote networks or remote users to a private network using the Internet. However, it does not provide security services at the network layer.

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a security protocol that operates at the application layer (layer 7) and provides security services such as confidentiality, integrity, and authentication to web traffic. It is commonly used to secure communication between a web server and a web browser.

DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security) is a security protocol that operates at the transport layer (layer 4) and provides security services to datagram protocols such as UDP (User Datagram Protocol). It is commonly used to secure real-time communication applications such as VoIP (Voice over IP) and video conferencing.

In summary, IPSec creates a secure remote connection at the OSI network layer by providing end-to-end security to IP packets.