Phase Identification: Security Certification and Accreditation Process

C.

The security certification and accreditation process (also known as the security assessment and authorization process) is a framework used to ensure that a system or application meets specific security requirements. This process is generally divided into three phases: initiation, security certification, and security accreditation.

Initiation Phase: The initiation phase is the first phase of the security certification and accreditation process. During this phase, the system owner or sponsor defines the purpose and scope of the system, identifies the security requirements, and establishes the risk management framework.

Security Certification Phase: The security certification phase involves a comprehensive evaluation of the system's security posture. This evaluation may include vulnerability assessments, penetration testing, and other security testing activities. The results of these activities are used to identify potential security weaknesses and vulnerabilities that need to be addressed before the system can be accredited.

Security Accreditation Phase: The security accreditation phase is the final phase of the security certification and accreditation process. During this phase, the designated approving authority (DAA) reviews the results of the security certification phase and determines whether the system meets the established security requirements. If the DAA approves the system, it is granted accreditation, which allows it to be used for its intended purpose.

Maintenance Phase: The maintenance phase is not a phase of the security certification and accreditation process. However, it is a critical component of any effective security program. During this phase, the system owner or sponsor must ensure that the system continues to meet the established security requirements and that any changes or updates to the system do not introduce new security vulnerabilities. This is an ongoing process that continues throughout the life of the system.