Preventing Unauthorized Data Access

C.

The main goal of confidentiality is to ensure that sensitive information is not made available or leaked to parties that should not have access to it, while at the same time ensuring that those with appropriate need and authorization to access it can do so in a manner commensurate with their needs and confidentiality requirements.

The security concept that is based on preventing unauthorized access to data while also ensuring that it is accessible to those authorized to use it is confidentiality.

Confidentiality refers to the protection of sensitive information from unauthorized disclosure. It is an essential aspect of information security, as it ensures that only authorized users can access and use sensitive information. Confidentiality is achieved by implementing security controls such as access controls, encryption, and data masking.

Access controls are used to restrict access to sensitive information to only authorized users. Access controls can be implemented using authentication mechanisms such as passwords, biometric identification, or smart cards.

Encryption is the process of converting data into a coded language that only authorized users can decode. It is an effective way of protecting sensitive data from unauthorized access.

Data masking is the process of concealing sensitive data by replacing it with fictitious data. This is commonly used in testing and development environments where sensitive data needs to be protected.

In summary, confidentiality is a critical security concept that ensures that sensitive data is protected from unauthorized access while allowing authorized users to access it as needed.