As a service provider you must support a Layer 2 virtualization protocol that does not include the use of label switching.
Which option can meet this design requirement?
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A. B. C. D.C.
The requirement is to support Layer 2 virtualization without using label switching. Let's go through each option and see if it meets the requirement:
A. VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service): VPLS is a Layer 2 VPN technology that uses MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) to provide virtualized Ethernet services over a shared IP/MPLS network. Since VPLS uses MPLS, it involves label switching, which doesn't meet the requirement. Therefore, VPLS is not the correct option.
B. VRF-Lite (Virtual Routing and Forwarding Lite): VRF-Lite is a Layer 3 VPN technology that provides logical separation of the routing table and forwarding table. It can be used to provide virtualized Layer 3 services, but it doesn't provide Layer 2 virtualization. Therefore, VRF-Lite is not the correct option.
C. QinQ (802.1QinQ): QinQ is a Layer 2 tunneling protocol that allows multiple VLAN tags to be inserted into a single Ethernet frame. It can be used to provide Layer 2 virtualization, and it doesn't require MPLS or label switching. Therefore, QinQ can meet the design requirement.
D. 802.3ad (Link Aggregation Control Protocol): 802.3ad is a protocol that allows multiple physical links to be aggregated into a single logical link. It is used to provide higher bandwidth and redundancy. However, it doesn't provide Layer 2 virtualization, so it doesn't meet the design requirement.
Therefore, the correct option that meets the design requirement is C. QinQ.