Message Modification and Cyber Security Techniques

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The technique used for modifying messages, providing Information and Cyber security, and reducing the risk of hacking attacks during communications and message passing over the Internet is cryptography.

Cryptography is the practice of secure communication in the presence of third parties, also known as adversaries. It involves transforming plaintext (i.e., readable data) into ciphertext (i.e., unreadable data) using mathematical algorithms and keys, making it unintelligible to unauthorized individuals.

Cryptography serves several purposes in information security, including confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. Confidentiality refers to the protection of sensitive information from unauthorized disclosure, while integrity ensures that data is not tampered with or altered during transmission. Authentication confirms the identity of the sender and receiver, while non-repudiation prevents either party from denying their involvement in a communication.

There are several types of cryptographic techniques used in information security, including symmetric-key cryptography, public-key cryptography, and hash functions. Symmetric-key cryptography involves the use of a single key to encrypt and decrypt data, while public-key cryptography uses a pair of keys - one private and one public - to encrypt and decrypt data. Hash functions create a unique digital fingerprint of data, which can be used to verify its integrity.

In conclusion, cryptography is a vital technique for ensuring information and cyber security in communication over the Internet. It is used to protect data confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation.