Which of the following method of expressing knowledge base consist of a graph in which nodes represent physical or conceptual objects and the arcs describes the relationship between nodes?
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A. B. C. D.C.
Semantic nets consist of a graph in which the node represent physical or conceptual object and the arcs describe the relationship between the nodes.
For CISA Exam you should know below information about Artificial Intelligence and Expert System Artificial intelligence is the study and application of the principles by which: Knowledge is acquired and used - Goals are generated and achieved Information is communicated - Collaboration is achieved - Concepts are formed - Languages are developed - Two main programming languages that have been developed for artificial intelligence are LISP and PROLOG.
Expert system are compromised primary components, called shells, when they are not populated with particular data, and the shells are designed to host new expert system.
Keys to the system is the knowledge base (KB), which contains specific information or fact patterns associated with a particular subject matter and the rule for interpreting these facts.
The KB interface with a database in obtaining data to analyze a particular problem in deriving an expert conclusion.
The information in the KB can be expressed in several ways: Decision Tree " Using questionnaires to lead the user through a series of choices, until a conclusion is reached.
Flexibility is compromised because the user must answer the questions in an exact sequence.
Rule " Expressing declarative knowledge through the use of if-then relationships.
For example, if a patient's body temperature is over 39 degrees Celsius and their pulse is under 60, then they might be suffering from a certain disease.
Semantic nets " Consist of a graph in which the node represent physical or conceptual object and the arcs describe the relationship between the nodes.
Semantic nets resemble a data flow diagram and make use of an inheritance mechanism to prevent duplication of a data.
Additionally, the inference engine shown is a program that uses the KB and determines the most appropriate outcome based on the information supplied by the user.
In addition, an expert system includes the following components Knowledge interface " Allows the expert to enter knowledge into the system without the traditional mediation of a software engineer.
Data Interface " Enables the expert system to collect data from nonhuman sources, such as measurement instruments in a power plant.
The following were incorrect answers: Decision Tree " Using questionnaires to lead the user through a series of choices, until a conclusion is reached.
Flexibility is compromised because the user must answer the questions in an exact sequence.
Rule " Expressing declarative knowledge through the use of if-then relationships.
Semantic nets - Semantic nets consist of a graph in which the node represent physical or conceptual object and the arcs describe the relationship between the nodes.
The method of expressing a knowledge base that consists of a graph in which nodes represent physical or conceptual objects and the arcs describe the relationship between nodes is called "Semantic nets". Semantic nets are also known as semantic networks or conceptual graphs.
A semantic net is a visual representation of a knowledge base that displays the relationships between concepts. In a semantic net, nodes represent objects or concepts, while arcs represent relationships between those objects or concepts. The arcs are labeled to describe the relationship between the nodes they connect.
For example, in a semantic net about animals, there might be nodes for "dog," "cat," and "bird," and arcs that connect them to indicate that dogs and cats are both types of pets, while birds are not. The relationships between the nodes are often represented using standardized symbols, such as arrows, lines, or shapes.
Semantic nets are particularly useful for representing complex relationships between concepts or objects. They can be used to represent hierarchical relationships, such as those between a category and its subcategories, as well as more complex relationships, such as those between concepts that are related by cause and effect, similarity, or other types of relationships.
Semantic nets can be used in a variety of fields, including artificial intelligence, cognitive science, and knowledge management. They are often used to represent and reason about knowledge in expert systems and other intelligent systems, as well as to support knowledge discovery and data mining.
In summary, Semantic nets are a method of expressing a knowledge base as a graph in which nodes represent physical or conceptual objects and the arcs describe the relationship between nodes. They are particularly useful for representing complex relationships between concepts or objects and can be used in a variety of fields.