Integrity and Authenticity of Messages in Web Applications

B.

The security technology that guarantees the integrity and authenticity of all messages transferred to and from a web application is SSL certificate.

An SSL certificate is a digital certificate that creates a secure connection between a web server and a web browser. It is used to encrypt data sent between the server and the browser, which ensures that no one can intercept or tamper with the data. SSL certificates use a combination of public and private key encryption to create a secure connection.

When a user accesses a web application with an SSL certificate, the browser sends a request to the server to establish a secure connection. The server then sends a copy of its SSL certificate to the browser. The browser checks to see if the SSL certificate is valid and has been issued by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA). If the certificate is valid, the browser uses the public key in the SSL certificate to encrypt a random symmetric encryption key, which is used to encrypt all data transferred between the browser and the server.

SSL certificates also provide authentication. The SSL certificate includes information about the server, such as its name and the name of the CA that issued the certificate. This information can be used by the browser to authenticate the server and ensure that it is communicating with the correct web application.

In summary, SSL certificates provide both encryption and authentication, which guarantees the integrity and authenticity of all messages transferred to and from a web application. Therefore, option B, SSL certificate, is the correct answer to the question.