Which of the following will identify a deviation in the information security management process from generally accepted standards of good practices?
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A. B. C. D.A.
The process of identifying a deviation in the information security management process from generally accepted standards of good practices can involve several methods. However, among the options provided, the most appropriate answer is "A. Gap analysis."
Gap analysis is a technique used to compare current practices against industry best practices, standards, or regulations to identify gaps or areas for improvement. It helps an organization to determine whether its information security management practices align with generally accepted standards of good practices, such as ISO 27001, NIST, or COBIT.
Gap analysis involves several steps, including identifying the applicable standard or best practice framework, assessing the current state of the organization's security management practices, and comparing the current state to the desired or expected state. The results of the analysis can provide insight into areas where the organization is not compliant with the standard or best practice framework and identify opportunities for improvement.
In contrast, Risk assessment (B) is a process of identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing risks to an organization's information assets based on their likelihood and potential impact. While risk assessment is an important component of information security management, it does not necessarily identify deviations from generally accepted standards of good practices.
Business Impact Analysis (C) is a process that identifies critical business processes and the resources required to support them. The analysis helps determine the potential impact of an interruption to these processes and guides the development of a business continuity plan. While it is important to identify critical processes, this process does not necessarily identify deviations from generally accepted standards of good practices.
Penetration testing (D) is a process of testing an organization's information security defenses by attempting to exploit vulnerabilities in the system. While penetration testing is an important tool for identifying security weaknesses, it does not necessarily identify deviations from generally accepted standards of good practices.
Therefore, based on the options provided, gap analysis (A) is the most appropriate technique to identify a deviation in the information security management process from generally accepted standards of good practices.