Redirection in Bash Commands: How to Redirect Standard Output and Error Streams

Using 1>&2 in Bash for Redirecting Output and Error Streams

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Question

In Bash, inserting 1>&2 after a command redirects

Answers

A. standard error to standard input.

B. standard input to standard error.

C. standard output to standard error.

D. standard error to standard output.

E. standard output to standard input.

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Explanations

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A. B. C. D. E.

The syntax "1>&2" is used in Bash to redirect standard output to standard error.

In Bash, standard output (stdout) is represented by the file descriptor number 1, and standard error (stderr) is represented by the file descriptor number 2.

When you run a command in Bash, the output is sent to stdout by default. If you want to redirect that output to a file, you can use the ">" symbol followed by the name of the file you want to send the output to. For example:

bash
ls > file.txt

In this case, the output of the "ls" command will be sent to the file "file.txt".

If you want to redirect stderr to a file, you can use the "2>" symbol. For example:

bash
ls /some/nonexistent/directory 2> error.txt

In this case, the error message generated by the "ls" command will be sent to the file "error.txt".

Now, if you want to redirect stdout to stderr, you can use the syntax "1>&2". For example:

bash
ls /some/nonexistent/directory 1>&2

In this case, the output of the "ls" command will be sent to stderr instead of stdout.

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is D. standard error to standard output.

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